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Task switching (psychology)
Task switching, or set-shifting, is an executive function and a kind of cognitive flexibility that involves the ability to shift attention between one task and another. This ability allows a person to rapidly and efficiently adapt to different situations. It is often studied by cognitive and experimental psychologists, and can be tested experimentally using tasks like the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Deficits in set-shifting are commonly observed in patients with Parkinson's disease.
== Background and history==
Human behavior and cognition are characterized by the ability to adapt to a dynamic environment, whether in attention, action, or both. This ability to adaptively shift attention and action has been investigated in the laboratory since the first use of the task switching paradigm by Jersild (1927).〔Jersild A.T. (1927). Mental set and shift. Archives of Psychology(Whole No. 89, pp.5–82)〕 This paradigm examines the control processes that reconfigure mental resources for a change of task by requiring subjects to complete a set of simple, yet engaging interleaving operations that must be performed in an alternating or repeating sequence.
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